全球智库信息集成服务系统(G2TT): Employment in Black Urban Labor Markets: Problems and Solutions

G2TT

来源类型	Working Paper
规范类型	报告
DOI	10.3386/w16986
来源ID	Working Paper 16986
	Employment in Black Urban Labor Markets: Problems and Solutions
	Judith K. Hellerstein; David Neumark
发表日期	2011-04-28
出版年	2011
语种	英语
摘要	Blacks in the United States are poorer than whites and have much lower employment rates. "Place-based" policies seek to improve the labor markets in which blacks - especially low-income urban blacks - tend to reside. We first review the literature on spatial mismatch, which provides much of the basis for place-based policies. New evidence demonstrates an important racial dimension to spatial mismatch, and this "racial mismatch" suggests that simply creating more jobs where blacks live, or moving blacks to where jobs are located, is unlikely to make a major dent in black employment problems. We also discuss new evidence of labor market networks that are to some extent stratified by race, which may help explain racial mismatch. We then turn to evidence on place-based policies. Many of these, such as enterprise zones and Moving to Opportunity (MTO), are largely ineffective in increasing employment, likely because spatial mismatch is not the core problem facing urban blacks, and because, in the case of MTO, the role of labor market networks was weakened. Finally, we discuss policies focused on place that also target incentives and other expenditures on the residents of the targeted locations, which may do more to take advantage of labor market networks.
主题	Labor Economics ; Demography and Aging ; Labor Discrimination
URL	https://www.nber.org/papers/w16986
来源智库	National Bureau of Economic Research (United States)
引用统计
资源类型	智库出版物
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/574661
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Judith K. Hellerstein,David Neumark. Employment in Black Urban Labor Markets: Problems and Solutions. 2011.

条目包含的文件
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w16986.pdf（229KB）	智库出版物		限制开放	CC BY-NC-SA	浏览